Controled Defects in Graphene

This trick obviously has applications, not least as seam builder for improving the structural capabilities of the material.  Continuous ribbon  production is not too far away and we will have the capacity to produce the most incredible structure we are able to imagine.

As an example, we could reinforce our skulls with an embedded layer that is allows for larger and thinner.  We already have found evidence of just that in the starchild skull.

However, sooner or later this stuff will be simply cheaper than steel.  Then our whole reinforced concrete construction technology can be replaced with a vastly superior product able to do the same job with a fraction of the weight.

The dream of huge airy constructions will become a human reality.

Graphene produced with controlled defects could have 95 GPa tensile strength

NOVEMBER 18, 2010

http://nextbigfuture.com/2010/11/graphene-produced-with-controlled.html

Among graphene’s remarkable properties is its roughly 100-GPa tensile strength, which is 40 times greater than the value for steel. That, however, is for defect-free graphene sheets; when formed by chemical vapor deposition, a proven industrial technique, graphene sheets contain crystallites separated by grain boundaries. 

A computational study by Rassin Grantab and Vivek Shenoy at Brown University and Rodney Ruoff at the University of Texas at Austin reveals that graphene sheets with highly misaligned boundaries are actually stronger than slightly misaligned ones. As the image shows, misaligned grain boundaries consist of repeating pairs of 5- and 7-member rings separated by hexagonal rings. In simulations of the stress-strain curves as a function of the misalignment, the researchers found that, surprisingly, tensile strength increases with increasing misalignment angle

Science - Anomalous Strength Characteristics of Tilt Grain Boundaries in Graphene


Graphene in its pristine form is one of the strongest materials tested, but defects influence its strength. Using atomistic calculations, we find that, counter to standard reasoning, graphene sheets with large-angle tilt boundaries that have a high density of defects are as strong as the pristine material and, unexpectedly, are much stronger than those with low-angle boundaries having fewer defects. We show that this trend is not explained by continuum fracture models but can be understood by considering the critical bonds in the strained seven-membered carbon rings that lead to failure; the large-angle boundaries are stronger because they are able to better accommodate these strained rings. Our results provide guidelines for designing growth methods to obtain sheets with strengths close to that of pristine graphene.

In one simulation, a graphene sheet with a boundary angle of 28.7° and strained by 15% resisted stress up to 95 GPa; conceivably, it might be more efficient for researchers to engineer controlled defects into a graphene sheet rather than trying to make a perfect one.